Islamic Views on Gender (Bissu, Calalai, Calabai, Makkunrai, and Urane)

Authors

  • Marliana Al-Gazali Islamic College of Bulukumba, Indonesia
  • Afriandi Amir Imam Bukhori Islamic College of Bulukumba, Indonesia
  • Magefiratul Haerah Al-Gazali Islamic College of Bulukumba, Indonesia
  • Rahmatul Hidayat M Al-Gazali Islamic College of Bulukumba, Indonesia
  • Mirnawati Al-Gazali Islamic College of Bulukumba, Indonesia
  • Kurnia Azisa Al-Gazali Islamic College of Bulukumba, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30863/palakka.v6i2.10380

Keywords:

Bissu, Bugis Culture, Gender diversity, Islam and Tradition, Non-binary identity

Abstract

This research examines the relationship between Islamic values and the unique gender system in Bugis society in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, which recognizes five gender identities: makkunrai, urané, calalai, calabai, and bissu. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and literature study methods, this research analyzes the cultural, spiritual, and religious aspects of non-binary gender roles in Muslim society. Data were obtained from scientific journals, books, reports, and relevant digital sources related to the topic. The findings indicate that the Bugis community negotiates between Islamic teachings and local traditions, resulting in contextual interpretations that embrace gender diversity. The bissu figure is viewed as a sacred entity and plays an important role in customary ceremonies and the spirituality of the community. Gender identity in Bugis society is understood not only from a biological perspective but as a result of the dynamic interaction between religion, culture, and evolving social roles. This research contributes to the discourse on Islam regarding gender diversity and emphasizes the importance of preserving local wisdom amid the pressures of globalization and conservative religious ideologies. The study recommends a more contextual and humanistic Islamic approach to understanding the diverse social realities.

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Published

2025-12-30

How to Cite

Marliana, Amir, A., Haerah, M., Hidayat M, R., Mirnawati, & Azisa, K. (2025). Islamic Views on Gender (Bissu, Calalai, Calabai, Makkunrai, and Urane). Palakka : Media and Islamic Communication, 6(2), 138–144. https://doi.org/10.30863/palakka.v6i2.10380

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Media and Islamic Communication

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Marliana, Afriandi Amir, Magefiratul Haerah, Rahmatul Hidayat M, Mirnawati, Kurnia Azisa

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