Pengakuan Masyarakat Hukum Adat sebagai Instrumen Pengelolaan Lingkungan Berkelanjutan pada Komunitas Adat Rongkong Kabupaten Luwu Utara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30863/ekspose.v25i1.11534Keywords:
Recognition of Indigenous Peoples, Legal Pluralism, Environmental Governance, Rongkong CommunityAbstract
The recognition of indigenous peoples constitutes an important issue in the management of natural resources and environmental governance in Indonesia. The existence of indigenous communities is not only related to the protection of their traditional rights but also plays a significant role in maintaining ecosystem sustainability through environmental management practices based on local wisdom. This study aims to analyze the process of recognizing indigenous communities in the Rongkong area, North Luwu Regency, and to examine the potential of such recognition as an instrument for sustainable environmental management. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The analysis is conducted using the theoretical frameworks of legal pluralism and environmental governance to understand the relationship between state law and customary law in natural resource management. The results show that the indigenous communities in Rongkong continue to maintain customary regulatory systems governing land use, forest management, and social relations within the community. However, the formal recognition of indigenous communities in the region is still at the proposal stage and has not yet obtained legitimacy through regional regulations. This condition results in the absence of legal certainty for customary-based natural resource management practices within the national legal system. Therefore, accelerating the recognition of indigenous communities through regional government policies becomes a strategic step to strengthen the protection of indigenous peoples’ rights while supporting sustainable environmental management in the Rongkong region.
Pengakuan terhadap masyarakat hukum adat merupakan isu penting dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam dan lingkungan hidup di Indonesia. Keberadaan masyarakat adat tidak hanya berkaitan dengan perlindungan hak-hak tradisional, tetapi juga berperan dalam menjaga keberlanjutan ekosistem melalui praktik pengelolaan lingkungan berbasis kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses pengakuan masyarakat adat di wilayah Rongkong, Kabupaten Luwu Utara, serta mengkaji potensi pengakuan tersebut sebagai instrumen dalam pengelolaan lingkungan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan kerangka teori legal pluralism dan environmental governance untuk memahami hubungan antara hukum negara dan hukum adat dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat adat Rongkong masih mempertahankan sistem aturan adat yang mengatur pemanfaatan lahan, pengelolaan hutan, serta hubungan sosial dalam komunitas. Namun demikian, pengakuan formal terhadap masyarakat adat di wilayah tersebut masih berada pada tahap pengusulan dan belum memperoleh legitimasi melalui regulasi daerah. Kondisi ini menyebabkan praktik pengelolaan sumber daya alam berbasis adat belum memiliki kepastian hukum dalam sistem hukum nasional. Oleh karena itu, percepatan pengakuan masyarakat adat melalui kebijakan pemerintah daerah menjadi langkah strategis untuk memperkuat perlindungan hak masyarakat adat sekaligus mendukung pengelolaan lingkungan yang berkelanjutan di wilayah Rongkong
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